Legal Framework – Authorization Process, the Case of the Acorn

Acorns have played a relevant role in human nutrition for centuries in Europe, especially in the Mediterranean region, where they were mainly consumed during times of scarcity and famine. Today, although they are mostly used as animal feed, their nutritional value and the growing interest in sustainable food solutions have renewed attention on their potential. In the European Union (EU), only a few species are currently authorised for human consumption: Quercus robur L, authorised in food supplements, and the fruit of Quercus rotundifolia Lam, authorised for general food use.

According to the European Regulation on novel foods, any species that was not consumed in significant quantities before May 15, 1997, requires prior authorisation for food use.

When there is historical evidence of the consumption of a particular species, but doubts remain regarding its permissibility, operators may consult the competent authorities of the Member State where they intend to market it.

If an acorn species is ultimately considered a novel food, there are two possible procedures: Authorisation for placing on the market, a more rigorous process that requires extensive documentation; or Notification of traditional foods from third countries, applicable to foods with a demonstrated history of safe consumption outside the EU for at least 25 years.

In summary, the use of acorns as a food ingredient can contribute to more nutritious and sustainable diets, but it is essential to consider the applicable European legal framework for each species.

Regulation (EU) 2015/2283 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 November 2015 on novel foods, amending Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Regulation (EC) No 258/97 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Regulation (EC) No 1852/2001.